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Mohammed Ahmed

Person source name · identity unresolved

Names below group exact source spellings. Identity remains unresolved: the same spelling can refer to different people. A mention does not establish participation, association or corroboration. Assignments use automatic source rules and have not received human review.

Original spelling: Mohammed Ahmed. No reviewed aliases or translations have been assigned.

31 unique documents. Authored by: 2; Mentioned in source: 29. Role counts can overlap within a document.

  1. Ali Salim's Land Argument: A Mirage of Power Ambition

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    That was during normal days, but every day was not a normal day. When the Ethiopian army was about to attack, there would be a code change followed by a lot of chatter, nonstop messaging on the bigger communication radios followed by nonstop communication on the mid-sized radios, because moving a large army involves a lot of things, from troop movements, logistics, unit positioning, war planning,…. and so on. Then you can bet your last penny, few days later the logistics and planning phase would be completed, the Ethiopian army would make a move and the small radios in the war theatre would jam the airwaves. Therefore whenever there was too much chatter and whenever the airport was busy with frequent taking off and landing of airplanes, our Tegadalay Instinct taught us to be alert, spread out, dispatch reconnaissance teams closer to the enemy, break the code and make a counter move. The moral of the story: if it was one emotional article filled with anger from Ali Salim, I would have taken it at face value any time. But Ali Salim, Mohammed Ahmed and Hamid Salman all at the same time jamming the cyber wave, with identical message and tone for five months straight: my Tegadalay instinct tells me that’s too much chatter, something is on the move, break the code and find out what makes Ali Salim et al tic. Now, let’s break the code and unveil the message behind the chatter:

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    Original SHA-256
    1dba6b8dc2de1e90b33480774a5558f92a799a51e4ca6a813fe3713d4320fa93
    Model source SHA-256
    9bdc94332c090d1f46b7dab1c3114aefc0cf591376bbd2d5795c314cb2375604
    Passage SHA-256
    3178efe7a4ed0474f1ee5f390aa9d2ef5eb57be5a3ea8b87725744034e001270
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
  2. Blaming The Victims: A cruel Irony

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    By Mohammed Ahmed - Jan 02, 2010

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    176dcbfaf36bba17d76f676260e5fa307a33190398a5cb7e0b37ca3899678cdb
    Model source SHA-256
    b34f8c76e218b1b5dad6a2efb535e1c3d03eaead4f351cbe4366ef0c02c32b25
    Passage SHA-256
    7c1d82219cf269da75eb89e66911dc3678dd370de326abec990fac5273b9dc30
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Author
  3. The opposition and PFDJ Leaders are the two sides of the same coin

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    Killon ( 1991: p194) The final disintegration of the old ELF, followed by the death of Osman Saleh Sabe in 1987, and the rise of a strong movement towards Islamism among Abdella faction, the newly formed Islamic Jihad and another ELF-UO faction led by Omer Burj.According Awate. com Eritrean Islamic Islah Movement (Islah) & Eritrean Islamic Party for Justice & Development (Alkhalas): One of the by products of the collapse of the ELF, which had largely managed to subdue Islamist tendencies, these two Islamist groups owe their origins to the late 1980s when the EPLF took control of the Western lowlands regions. Alkhalas was originally called the Eritrean Islamic Jihad Movement but changed its name to Alkhalas in 1998. Over the years, like most of Eritrea's organizations, the group now has other splinter groups including Eritrean Islamic Congress led by Hassen Salman (aka Abu-Bara’e) and other smaller groups. Alkhalas is led by Amir Mohammed Aamr and AlIslah is led by Mohammed Ahmed Saleh (aka Abu Suhail.) Websites: Islah – islaher.org ; AlKhalas: alkhalas.org. The two organizations were at their peak in the late 1980s and 1990s when the environment, particularly the prevailing environment between Eritrea and Sudan, provided them with safe sanctuary and moral/financial assistance. Despite aggressive campaigns by the Eritrean regime to list these two organizations as "terrorists", they are classified as a pressure groups because they have no cross-national aims and they do not target civilians. [Source Proliferation Of Armed Resistance In Eritrea-http://www.awate.com/portal/content/view/4660/9/

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    7ac52ea1062208e00f76f1f2d513fe48d338a605b504fecbd08553721a9b7e6c
    Model source SHA-256
    1895f8394f86a821c64fa2ee293bd46d3ead851f69a7e5058affd2b482c665f8
    Passage SHA-256
    9caf65ea346bbbbfe52b080dd05154c971147adb6cdcc8e0a561d3f6c4a004cd
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
    Another source passage (Mentioned in source)

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    Sheik Abu Sihel left the ELF in 1975, and he founded the Eritrean Islamic Jihad Movement (EIJM) when a group of Islamist-minded guerillas split off from the Eritrean Liberation Front (ELF) that had been fighting since the beginning of the Eritrean independence movement. In 1993 the IJM split into two once again: one faction was led by the hardliners under Mohammed Ahmed (Abu Suhail) who reportedly fought in Afghanistan against the Soviets and the other faction was led by Arefa Ahmed, an ex-teacher in a PLF founded school in the refugee camps. The Arefa faction was accused of becoming lenient and starting a secret dialogue with the EPLF under the auspices of Dr. Turabi and his party, the NIF.

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    7ac52ea1062208e00f76f1f2d513fe48d338a605b504fecbd08553721a9b7e6c
    Model source SHA-256
    1895f8394f86a821c64fa2ee293bd46d3ead851f69a7e5058affd2b482c665f8
    Passage SHA-256
    17a0b4265dc0b2fb2bc42b0f108b5d03e76341353fb062ce561a5aaec9ae2aa2
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
    Another source passage (Mentioned in source)

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    In 2009. Four Eritrean opposition organizations: the Eritrean liberation Front led by Hussien Khalifa , Eritrean Islamic Rectification Movement led by Adem Ismeal, Eritrean Islamic Party for Justice and Development(EIPJD or AL-KHALAS] led by Khalil Amer and Eritrean Federal Democratic Movement (EFDM) led by Bashir Ishaq formed an entity called The Eritrean Solidarit Front (ESF) In a press conference called by the ESF (Tadamun) on Saturday evening, where the media cadres and representatives of opposition political organizations as well as the independent media centers were present, the election of SheikhAbu Suhail Mohammed Ahmed Saleh , the Secretary-General of the Islah movement, as Chairman of the first session was announced.

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    7ac52ea1062208e00f76f1f2d513fe48d338a605b504fecbd08553721a9b7e6c
    Model source SHA-256
    1895f8394f86a821c64fa2ee293bd46d3ead851f69a7e5058affd2b482c665f8
    Passage SHA-256
    3376320785a5e04a1ded5e869cb7fb6ea177346aae5fa4c364dc1bac8f5e6ade
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
    Another source passage (Mentioned in source)

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    According to Connell (2011 206-7)the Eritrean Islamic Reform Movement (ISLAH) . Formerly known as the Eritrean Islamic Jihad Movement (EIJM or Jihad) and led by Mohammed Ahmed Saleh (also known as Abu Suhail), Islah draws its main support from Muslim refugees in Sudan and once advocated the creation of an Islamic Eritrean state founded on Muslim religious law. Like its predecessor, Jihad, it is dedicated to the armed overthrow of the PFDJ government, although it, like other Islamist groups has moderated its political objectives in favour of a reformist agenda built around Muslim rights, including acceptance of Arabic as an official Eritrean language and an end to the government's land seizures in the mostly Muslim western lowlands. The EIJM changed its name to the Eritrean Islamic Reform Movement or Islah, in 2003 and later joined the EDA. In 2006 the organization opened an office in Addis Ababa, and in 2009, it joined with three other movement based in the western lowlands to form the Eritrean Solidarit Front (ESF) which advocaded increased recognition of Muslim rights within the EDA .

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    7ac52ea1062208e00f76f1f2d513fe48d338a605b504fecbd08553721a9b7e6c
    Model source SHA-256
    1895f8394f86a821c64fa2ee293bd46d3ead851f69a7e5058affd2b482c665f8
    Passage SHA-256
    8df1871a6993752751a011e6c959abb0405cb4f74678459d5a8d9922033f2836
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
  4. The ELA Meeting in Ansaba, September 1968

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    Members of the General Command (Kiyada Ama) named at Adobaha were: 1. Mohammed Ahmed Abdu, chairman, 2. Ramadan Mohammed Nur, 3. Ahmed Mohammed Ibrahim, 4. Tesfai Tecle, 5. Saed Saleh, 6. Abdulkader Ramadan, 7. Abdalla Idris Mohammed, 8. Isayas Afeworki, 9. Birhan Bilata, 10. Saleh Omar Kekiya, 11. Osman Ajib, 12. Saleh Ibrahim Mohammed (Jimjam), 13. Adem Saleh Al Haj (Shedeli), 14. Saleh Hayoti, 15. Ahmed Adem Omar, 16. Ahmed Ibrahim Mohammed, 17. Ibrahim Abdalla Mohammed, 18. Yassin Al Haj, 19. Amir Tahir Shihabi, 20. Abdulraqib Mussa, 21. Mohammed Osman Izaz, 22. Mohammed Ahmed Idris, 23. Jaffer Jabir Omar, 24. Abdalla Mahmoud, 25. Ibrahim Jamil, 26. Hamid Mahmoud; 27. Ibrahim Mohammed, 28. Ahmed Hayten, 29. Mussa Mohammed Hashim, 30. Hamid Ahmed Osman, 31. Saleh Faraj Ali, 32. Mohammed Saed Shineti, 33. Abraha Mekonnen, 34. Mohammed Osman Omar Shaeban, 35. Abdulkadir Hamdan, 36. Mahmoud Chekini, alias, Mahmoud Ibrahim Mohammed Saed, 38. Saleh Mohammed Fikak, and 38. Afa Mohammed Hamid.

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    897d1bde1bf0dd086288cd9e07e6f98b2ce54070348b641652acc5e8a07d6a2b
    Model source SHA-256
    c37826b61178500afac4ba34fa6990546f5744dabd7238ef7bf2f31b9bfb24a7
    Passage SHA-256
    ec4138bfcfc8308183d0a3c0cf380ae6be99b8f78c6a6f0f217ed9ab288d7022
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
  5. Gebremedhin Zerizghi: An Eyewitness Account [ELF version ] http://awate.com/gebremedhin-zerizghi-an-eyewitness-account/

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    H- In June, 1970, four members of the General Command who were from the Beni Amer tribe (Adem Saleh, Mohammed Ahmed Idris, Osman Ajeeb, Ahmed Omer) and some of their followers held a meeting in Obel Valley, Barka where they took a stand supportive of the Popular Forces for the Liberation of Eritrea and freed the six prisoners of the General Command as a gesture to Sabbe. They called themselves the “Eritrean Liberation Forces”.

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    Original SHA-256
    3d6819929d292dc82c78669215f0ff468d5d3c5ffdabd1d06dbaac815d2c8bbc
    Model source SHA-256
    c4e7b1d7b5411b37752f5c1c2f13640732ea2097dcd87ce71d70c77c162c7212
    Passage SHA-256
    313ba0a9e2886b2beddac72dc85f23d7f4c34c9d3df6c6b9f64c1b49447a4bf2
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
    Another source passage (Mentioned in source)

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    Those who bear responsibility for the splintering and civil war are Isaias Afwerki, Solomon Weldemariam, Osman Saleh Sabbe, Mohammed Ali Omero, Adem Saleh, Mohammed Ahmed Idris, Osman Ajeeb, Ahmed Omer and their puppies. In brief, since they are the individuals who took the Eritrean revolution into sectarian, tribal and regional differences and immersed it into bloodshed, they have an unforgettable history that left a negative bruise. It is because of the civil war that they ignited that our revolution was elongated for thirty years.

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    3d6819929d292dc82c78669215f0ff468d5d3c5ffdabd1d06dbaac815d2c8bbc
    Model source SHA-256
    c4e7b1d7b5411b37752f5c1c2f13640732ea2097dcd87ce71d70c77c162c7212
    Passage SHA-256
    ddbc63e91f7d4727eea80e0101d425f10068b4eeaaed70e057ed27bc74328c76
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
  6. Why Now?

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    In 1993 the IJM split into two once again: one faction was led by the hardliners under Mohammed Ahmed (Abu Suhail), who reportedly fought in Afghanistan against the Soviets and the other faction was led by Arefa Ahmed, an ex-teacher in a PLF founded school in the refugee camps. The Arefa faction was accused of becoming lenient and starting a secret dialogue with the EPLF under the auspices of Dr. Turabi and his party, the NIF. In April 1996, Ibrahim Malek announced the formation of a third faction called, Al Mejlis AlIslamy Leddaewa WeIslah Fi Ertrya (The Islamic Council of Endowment and Reformation in Eritrea). The new faction issued its first communiqu� and accused Abu Suhail�s faction of extremism including tribalism, unfair imprisonment and torture of people, and corruption.

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    7d497bbe82ec720957b5c021b9364dfa09d2e5c579a864136f50ae3b284c24fe
    Model source SHA-256
    04c6f0558d1cd5e8aeead60a18ece33903d03cfa555b5e45c315769299d90eeb
    Passage SHA-256
    2b2b1dd107add6f344843bc1ed06599ee3f5183dc6c5b7f6f322a905bc34b364
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
  7. Members of the General Command (Kiyada Ama) named at Adobaha were:

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    1. Mohammed Ahmed Abdu, chairman 2. Abdalla Idris Mohammed 3. Mohammed Ali Omaro 4. Ramadan Mohammed Nur 5. Abraham Tewolde 6. Isayas Afeworki7. Mohammed Omar Abdalla (Abu Tiyara) 8. Ahmed Ibrahim 9. Mohammed Abdalla Taha (al-Safi)10. Omar Damer 11. Abdalla Yusuf 12. Hamid Saleh Read more

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    fc60e071d5f585092f9eb15d586560b6c65876b6fc1698d847aab4a057ea561a
    Model source SHA-256
    79931c3389fb2e73fb26706c0ffc4dd85202a8d1e63c265deed4bcb8cad69fd2
    Passage SHA-256
    342eef6d1c108825ee167ad34685a3ff6a4fca585b73f8fec8d0922cbf5f460d
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
  8. Eritrea: slender land, giant prison

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    1 Mr. Mohammed Shafuk : tribal chief, arrested in Dase in October 2007. 2/ Mr. Gugul Bidda: arrested in Tole Tarodani in September 2007. 3/ Mr. Ogba Michael: priest belonging to the Second Life religious sect( Kali Hewit). Ar 4/ Mr. Abdalla Salih Ibrahim: arrested in his home town Suwera in the first week of Jan 5/ Mr. Abdalla Omer Jemie : medical doctor. Arrested in Keren in 2007. 6/ Mr. Mohammed Adem Bassim: medical laboratory technician. Arrested in 2007. 7/ Mr. Ahmed Deen Omer Ismaeel : arrested in his town Suwera in the first week of Jan 8/Mr. Abdalla Salih: arrested in his town Gohaito in the first week of January 2008. 9/ Mr.Tara Kobaba: a journalist arrested in his town Haikota in February 2008. 10/ Mr. Yonas Jakomino: arrested in Bimbilna in February 2008. 11/ Mr. Zeru Biddo: arrested in Keren town in April 2008. 12/ Mr. Sulaiman Wad Shum: was arrested in Hazamu- Iba in August 2008. Accused of sect. 13/ Mr. Yassin Sulaiman Ahmed: arrested in Hazamu- Iba in August 2008 . Accused of sect. 14/ Mr. Ibrahim Mohammed Sulaiman: arrested in Hazamu- Iba in August 2008. Accu religious sect. 15/ Mr.Mohammed Bashai Omer: arrested in Senafe township in August 2008. Accused sect. 16/ Mr. Omer Telki: arrested in Adi Caigh in August 2008. Accused of belonging to Ans 17/ Mr. Siraj Ali: arrested in Senafe in August 2008. Accused of belonging to Anssar – S 18/ Mr.Mohammed Saleh Abdalla: arrested in Senafe in August 2008. Accused of belon 19/ Mr. Sulaiman Ali: arrested in Senafe in August 2008. Accused of belonging to Anssa 20/ Mr. Ahmed Ismaeel: arrested in Senafe in August 2008. Accused of belonging to An 21/ Mr. Mohammed Kheir Haj Mousa: arrested in Adi Caigh in August 2008. Accused sect. 22/ Mr. Osman Mohammed Adem: arrested in Adi Caigh in August 2008. 23/ Mr. Abdalla Adnan: arrested in Adi Caigh in August 2008. Accused of belonging to 24/ Mr. Ibrahim Abdalla: arrested in Adi Caigh in August 2008. Accused of belonging t 25/ Mr. Mohammed Ahmed Saeedai Hamidi: kidnapped and high-jacked with his car an 26/ Mr. Asfadai Ansra: arrested in Keren in October 2008. Names of Sudanese Detainees whose Names not included in the SCHR 2006 Report: 1/Mr. Abd Al Azim Abu-AL-Gasim AL-Shiekh Ali: Imprisoned at Karshly prison in A 2/Mr. Abd AL-Rahman Shamoun Abdalla: a citizen of Kassala, Sudan. 3/ Mr.Azhari Hassan Alama: his place of detention unknown. The names of the following whose names are already included in the arbitrary arrest still in prison until the end of 2008: 1. Mr. Mohammed Maranet Nessour: was a judge in Keren who was arrested in 1991 1997 but he has been moved to an unknown place therefore his contacts with his fam have been filed against Mr. Nessour nor been brought to a court. 2. General Bitwodded Abreha: was senior military officer and former member of the E who was arrested in 1992 but released for a while in 1998 during the Eritrean-Ethiopi Marmara prison in Asmara. No charges have been filed against General Abraha nor h 3. Mr. Mohammed Ibrahim Malik: was a teacher at the Islamic Institute at Keren. He 4. Mr. Osman Mohammed Nour: was a teacher at the Islamic Institute at Keren. He w 5. Mr. Osman Abdelnour Muhammed: was a teacher at the Islamic Institute at Keren arrested in 1992. 6. Mr. Musa Ibrahim Fargallah: was a teacher at the Islamic Institute at Keren. He wa 7. Mr. Ahmed Masmar Hazout: was a teacher at the Islamic Institute at Keren. He wa 8. Mr. Idriss Muhammed Saíd: was a teacher at the Islamic Institute at Keren. He was 9. Mr. El Hassan Ali Azouz: was a teacher at the Islamic Institute at Keren. He was arr 10. Mr. Ibrahim Gam'ei Hamid:was a teacher and director of the Islamic Dia (light) In detained at Karshili prison in Asmara until 1997 then he has been moved to an unkno not known. No charges have been filed against him nor has he been brought to a cour 11. Mr. Mohammed Tahir Hamid Okod: was a teacher and deputy director of the Islam in 1992. He was detained at Karshili prison in Asmara until 1997 then he has been m whereabouts is not known. No charges have been filed against him nor has he been b 12. Mr. Ibrahim Bakheit Malik: was a teacher at the Anabasa Wazantet Islamic Institut detained at Karshili prison in Asmara until 1997 then he has been moved to an unkno not known. No charges have been filed against him nor has he been brought to a cour 13. Mr. Abdlalim Mohammed Ali Zar'oum: was a teacher at the Anabasa Wazantet Isl He was detained at Karshili prison in Asmara until 1997 then he has been moved to a whereabouts is not known. No charges have been filed against him nor has he been b THE STATE OF HUMAN RIGHTS - Report by Suwera Centre for Human Rights Page 19 of 46 mhtml:file://D:\newham\Assenna.mht!http://asena.samai.co.uk/index.php?option=co... 04/08/2009 14. Mr. Abdelrahman Ali Amharai: was a teacher at the Anabasa Wazantet Islamic Ins detained at Karshili prison in Asmara until 1997 then he has been moved to an unkno not known. No charges have been filed against him nor has he been brought to a cour 15. Mr. Mohammed Hamid Osman: was a teacher at the Islamic Dia (light) Institute w detained at Karshili prison in Asmara until 1997 then he has been moved to an unkno not known. No charges have been filed against him nor has he been brought to a cour 16. Mr. Abubaker Ali Nour: arrested in 1993 together with his son who was a teacher a not known. No charges have been filed against him nor has he been brought to a cour 17. Mr. Omer Abubaker Ali Nour: a teacher at Wazantet and Anabasa Institutes, arrest known. No charges have been filed against him nor has he been brought to a court. 18. Mr. Shom Salih Ya'goub: was a separation advocate. Arrested in Addis Ababa in 19 charges have been filed against him. 19. Mr. Nafié Ibrahim Fikkak: was a teacher at the Islamic Dia (light) Institute at Kara whereabouts is not known. No charges have been filed against him. 20. Mr. Faraj Abubakr El Haj: was a teacher at the Islamic Dia (light) Institute at Kara whereabouts is not known. No charges have been filed against him. 21. Mr. Abdelwahab Ibrahim Gama Hamid: was a student at the Islamic Institute at K whereabouts is not known. No charges have been filed against him. 22. Mr. Yaseen Hamid Nafie: was a teacher at the Ansaba Islamic Institute at Keren wh is not known. No charges have been filed against him. 23. Mr. Osman Mohammed Ali Ibrahim Gedem: he was the Imam of the Grand Mos His whereabouts is not known. No charges have been filed against him. 24. Mr. Ahmed Masmar Ibrahim: he was a teacher at the Ansaba Islamic Institute at K whereabouts is not known. No charges have been filed against him. 25. Mr. Yaseen Ahmed Zayed: was a teacher at the Ansaba Islamic Institute at Keren w is not known. No charges have been filed against him. 26. Mr. Gabir Hussein: is a merchant arrested at Keren in 1994. His whereabouts is not against him. 27. Mr. Gabir Hamid ukad: is a merchant arrested at Keren in 1994. His whereabouts i against him. 28. Mr. Mohammed Adam Da'oud: He was a head of Senhet Regiona Parliament, arres known. No charges have been filed against him. 29. Mr. Idriss Mohammed Ali: was a director of the Islamic Dia (light) Institute who w not known. No charges have been filed against him. 30. Mr. Mahmoud Ali Gam'ei: was a teacher at the Islamic Institute at Keren who was known. No charges have been filed against him. 31. Mr. Fuáad Mahmoud Omer: was a director of the Charity Offerings Organization 1994. His whereabouts is not known. No charges have been filed against him. 32. Mr. Hassan Abdelrahman Dirar: was a teacher at El dia Islamic Institute in Keren whereabouts is not known. No charges have been filed against him. 33. Mr. Hassan Ali Nour Dirar: was a teacher at the Islamic Institute in Keren who wa known. No charges have been filed against him. 34. Mr. El Shaikh Mohammed Ibrahim Shedly: arrested at Mansoura in late 1994. His have been filed against him. 35. Mr. Idriss Saíd Ari: was a teacher at El Dia Islamic Institue in Keren, arrested in 19 THE STATE OF HUMAN RIGHTS - Report by Suwera Centre for Human Rights Page 20 of 46 mhtml:file://D:\newham\Assenna.mht!http://asena.samai.co.uk/index.php?option=co... 04/08/2009 charges have been filed against him. 36. Mr. Paolous Eyaso: a member of Jehovah Witnesses. He was arrested on 24th Septe participate in the military service program on religious grounds. He is detained in Saw allowed to visit him not he has been brought to court. 37. Mr. Nagdi Takhlimariam: a member of Jehovah Witnesses. He was arrested on 24th participate in the military service program on religious grounds. He is detained in Saw allowed to visit him not he has been brought to court. 38. Mr. Issak Mogos: is also a member of Jehovah Witnesses. He has been arrested on 2 participate in the military service program on religious grounds. He is detained in Saw allowed to visit him not he has been brought to court. 39. Mr. Mohammed Osman Dayr: one of the early freedom fighters who joined Eritrea the country after independence. Mr. Dayer was arrested on 25th May 1995 when he le needs. He never returned to this hotel. He is diabetic and he was in his fifties when he allowed to visit him moreover, his whereabouts is not known. No charges have been 40. Mr. Abdelallah Ibrahim Idris Adra: originally from Andrayeib /Agordat. He was c his arrested in 1995. His whereabouts is not known. No charges have been filed again 41. Mr. Mogos Tesfamariam: was kidnapped from Ethiopia in 1995 because of allegati then he is imprisoned in Wenjel Marmara prison. When investigators did find evident bailer which he rejected since no charge has been proved against him. 42. Mr. Salih Osman Arey: was a former leader of the National Council, an ELF faction liberation. Mr. Ari was arrested on 3rd October 1995 at Keren, he was at his forties. H His wife who is based in Sudan tarvelled to Eritrea three times and met several offici meet him or informed about his whereabouts. No charges were filed against him or br 43. Mr. Mahmoud Dinai: one of the early freedom fighters who joined the ELF in early Commander of the 1st Military Region in 1965. Mr. Danay was arrested on 10th Octo regional Parliament of El Gash – Barka region. He was at his sixties. His family was whereabouts is not known. No charges have been filed against Mr. Dinia nor has he t 44. Mr. Sulaiman Zkaria: was a former fighter in the 1st Military Region. He was arrest sixties at that time. Authorities did not allow his family to visit him. His whereabouts filed against him. 45. Mr. Mohammed Khair Musa: was a former leader in the National Council, a factio after independence. When he was arrested on 10th October 1995 at Keren where he w region, he was at his late fifties. Authorities did not allow his family to visit him, disc against him nor took him to a court . 46. Mr. Ibrahim M. Ibrahim: was a former leader in the ELF - the Unified Organizatio October 1995 in Agrdat where he was a judge in the Regional Court of Baraka-Gash Authorities did not allow his family to visit him, disclosed his whereabouts, filed cha 47. Mr. Mohammed Salih Mahmoud: was a former leader in the ELF – the National C independence in early 1950s. Mr. Mahmoud was arrested on 10th October 1995 in A Regional Court of Braka-Gash Region. Authorities did not allow his family to visit hi him to a court. 48. Mr. Mohamoud Khalid: was a former leader in the ELF who returned to the countr arrested on 10th October 1995 in Agordat where he was an officer in the Municipality Authorities did not allow his family to visit him, filed charges against him nor took him to THE STATE OF HUMAN RIGHTS - Report by Suwera Centre for Human Rights Page 21 of 46 mhtml:file://D:\newham\Assenna.mht!http://asena.samai.co.uk/index.php?option=co... 04/08/2009 1. Mr. El Amin Hamid Karrar: he was in charge of co-operative associations in Barak October 1995 in Agordat. Authorities did not allow his family to visit him, disclosed him nor took him to a court. 2. Mr. Salih Mohammed Idris Abu Ajaj: is one of the first generation of fighters in th early 1960s. Mr. Abu Ajaj was arrested on 10th October in Agordat, he was at his ear allow his family to visit him, disclosed his whereabouts, filed charges against him no 3. Mr. Muhammed Ali Ibrahim: is one of the first generation of fighters in the Eritrea 1960s. Mr. Ibrahim was arrested on 10th October 1995. Authorities did not allow his whereabouts, filed charges against him nor took him to a court of law. 4. Mr. Ismail Idriss Karkas: was a former fighter within the ELF, the National Counci aftermath of independence. He was arrested in late Novemer 1995. Authorities did no his whereabouts, filed charges against him nor took him to a court of law. 5. Mr. Idriss Dinai: was a former fighter with the ELF which he joined in 1980s. He re and arrested in late November 1995. He was at his thirties at the time of arrest. Autho him, disclosed his whereabouts, filed charges against him nor took him to a court . 6. Mr. Muhammed Banni: was a former fighter with the ELF. He was arrested in 1996 family to visit him, disclosed his whereabouts, filed charges against him nor took him 7. Mr. Adam Ibrahim: Was graduated from Um Durman Islamic University. He was arrested in 1996. 1. Mr. Suliman Abou Bker Ebraheem: He was arrested in 1996 at Sanafi town. His killed during arrest. His whereabouts is not known. No charges have been filed again 2. Mr. Abdellah Ali Nassir: arrested in 1996 at Sanafi town. His whereabouts is not kn him. 3. Ibrahim Omer Bahibaish: He was arrested in 1996 in Sanafi. His whereabouts is no against him. 4. Mr. Amir El Sir: a Sudanese national, arrested in 1996. His whereabouts is not know him. 5. Osman Salih Hamid: He was arrested in 1996 in Hagaat. 6. Mr. Ibrahim Idirss Mohammed Ali (Mangous): arrested in El Gash in 1997. 7. Mr. Hamid Omer Hashishai: arrested in 1997. His whereabouts is not known. No c 8. Mr. Gshi Mahari Tsfamariam: was arrested in 1997 under allegations of receiving (riba) but he has not been brought to an open court. 9. Mr. Mansour Walday: was arrested in 1998 under allegations of illegal money lend an open court. 10. Mr. Adam Burhan Bayan: was arrested in 1998 under allegations of illegal money brought to an open court. 11. Mr. Ghebrehiwet Geleta: is a journalist who was kidnapped earlier in 1988 from Ka independence. He has been arrested again in 2002 when he was working for an indep known. No charges have been filed against him nor has he been brought to a court. 12. Mr. Mohammed Daóud Mohammed Osman Daóud: a religion man, arrested in Go known. No charges have been filed against him> 13. Mr. Adam Muhammed Osman Daóud: a religion man, arrested in Gonia in 1999. 14. Mr. Petros Solomon: is one of the earliest members of the Eritrean People's liberati THE STATE OF HUMAN RIGHTS - Report by Suwera Centre for Human Rights Page 22 of 46 mhtml:file://D:\newham\Assenna.mht!http://asena.samai.co.uk/index.php?option=co... 04/08/2009 security service attached to the Front for several years. After independence he has bee including minister of Foreign Affairs and Defense. Before is dispute with President A and Marine Resources and an MP. He is married to Esteir Yohannes who is also in d have four children. Solomon was arrested 0n 18/9/2001. Authorities did not allow his whereabouts, filed charges against him nor took him to a court. 15. Mr. Mahmoud Ahmed Sherifo: is one of the earliest fighters who joined revolution the EPLF. He assumed a number of senior positions within the Front during struggle assumed a number of ministerial portfolios, most recent of them was the Ministry of L terms of protocol as the second man in the state. Mr. Sharifo was also an MP. He is m arrested on 18th September 2001. His family is not allowed to visit him, his whereabo against him and he has not been brought to a court . 16. Mr. Haile Woldtenesae: is one of the earliest members of the Eritrean People's liber Economics and then Foreign Affairs and member of the current Parliament. He was t Alger Agreement on behalf of the Government of Eritrean. Mr. Tenesae was arrested and a father. He is diabetic. His whereabouts is not known, his family is not allowed t him and he has not been brought to a court. 17. General Uqbe Abrha: is a former Chief of Command and former minister. He was a not allowed to visit him, his whereabouts is not known, no charges were files against court of law. General Abrha is suffers from asthma According testimonies gathered b conscripts who escaped the country, General Abrha died last year because of lack of b Cemetery at Ginda 45 km from Asmara. 18. General Berhane Gerezgrzghihier: was a retired General former commander of the member in the leadership of the Eritrean People's liberation Front since 1977. His wh allowed to visit him, no charges were filed against him and he has not been brought t 19. Ms. Astier Fessehatsion: was the director at the Ministry of Labor and Social Affair September 2001. She suffers from ulcer. Her whereabouts is not known, her family is filed against her and she has not been brought to a court. 20. Mr. Salih Kikia: was a former manager of the Office of the President, a former Min Transportation and member of both leadership of the ruling party and the Parliament. was arrested on 18t September 2001. His whereabouts is unknown and his family is n filed against him nor been taken to a court. 21. Mr. Hamid Himed : was a former Ambassador to Suadi Arabia and Sudan, head of t Ministry of Foreign Affairs, member of the leadership of the ruling and an MP. Mr. H arrested on 18th September 2001. His whereabouts is unknown and his family is not a filed against him nor been taken to a court. 22. General Estifanos Seyoum : a retired army officer, in charge of income taxes, memb and an MP. He was arrested on 18th September 2001. His whereabouts is unknown an No charges were filed against him nor been taken to a court. 23. Mr. Germano Natti: was a former regional governor and MP. He was arrested on 18 unknown and his family is not allowed to visit him. No charges were filed against him 24. Beraki Ghebreselassie: a former Ambassador to Germany, a former minister of Info was arrested on 18th September 2001. His whereabouts is unknown and his family is filed against him nor been taken to a court. 25. Ms. Mariam Hagous: was in charge of cinema sector has been arrested on 6th Octob Hagous is unknown and her family is not allowed to visit her. No charges were filed THE STATE OF HUMAN RIGHTS - Report by Suwera Centre for Human Rights Page 23 of 46 mhtml:file://D:\newham\Assenna.mht!http://asena.samai.co.uk/index.php?option=co... 04/08/2009 court. 26. Mr. Yousif Mohammed Ali: Editor-in-Chief of Sganai newspaper. He was arrested a hunger strike in early April 2003, he has been moved from a police detention center charges have been filed against Mr. Ali nor been brought to a court. 27. Mr. Matiwos Hebteab: a journalist, was editor-in-Chief of Magalih newspaper. Was April 2003 he was moved from police custody in Asmara to unknown place upon pa have been filed against Mr. Ali nor been brought to a court. 28. Mr. Dawit Habtemichael: was an assistant to the editor-in-chief of Maglih He was a 2003 he was moved from police custody in Asmara to unknown place upon participat been filed against Mr. Ali nor been brought to a court. 29. Mr. Medhanie Haille: is a journalist, was an assistant editor-in-chief and borad mem arrested in September 2001. In early April 2003 he was moved from police custody in participation in hunger strike. No charges have been filed against Mr. Ali nor been br 30. Mr. Temsghen Ghebresus: is a journalist, an assistant editor-in-chief and board me arrested in September 2001. In early April 2003 he was moved from police custody in participation in hunger strike. No charges have been filed against Mr. Ali nor been b 31. Mr. Emanuel Asrat: is a journalist,was an editor-in-chief of Zaman newspaper. He w April 2003 he was moved from police custody in Asmara to unknown place upon par have been filed against Mr. Ali nor been brought to a court. 32. Mr. Fessaye Yohannes ( Joshua): was a journalist with Steit newspaper. He was arr 2003 he was moved from police custody in Asmara to unknown place upon participat been filed against Mr. Ali nor been brought to a court. 33. Mr. Sa'id Abelgadir: is a journalist, was an editor-in-chief of Admas newspaper. He April 2003 was moved from police custody in Asmara to unknown place upon partici been filed against Mr. Ali nor been taken to a court. 34. Mr. Seyoum Tsehye: was a freelance photographer. He was arrested in September 2 from police custody in Asmara to unknown place upon participation in hunger strike. Ali nor been brought to a court. 35. Mr. Dawit Issac: was a journalist with Steit newspaper. He holds both Eritrean an Sw authorities have released him in November 2005 and re-arrested him tow days later a of his sympathizers. He is detained at Wenjel prison in Asmara. No charges have bee court. 36. Mr. Ali El Amin: was an employee of the Embassy of the USA who was arrested in Embassy. His whereabouts is unknown and his family is not allowed to visit him. No taken to a court. 37. Mr. Kflom Ghebremichael: was also an employee of the Embassy of the USA who for spying for the Embassy. His whereabouts is unknown and his family is not allowe against him nor been taken to a court. 38. Mr. Idriss Ab'aari: is a writer and a former director at the Ministry of Labor. Mr. Ab in liberation war. Mr. Ab'aari has been arrested towards the end of 2001. His whereab allowed to visit him. No charges were filed against him nor been taken to a court. 39. Mr. Kidane Kebreab: was a member of the ruling party who was arrested in early 2 family is not allowed to visit him. No charges were filed against him nor been taken 40. Mr. Tesfai Gherma : was a member of the ruling party who was arrested in early 20 family is not allowed to visit him. No charges were filed against him nor been taken t THE STATE OF HUMAN RIGHTS - Report by Suwera Centre for Human Rights Page 24 of 46 mhtml:file://D:\newham\Assenna.mht!http://asena.samai.co.uk/index.php?option=co... 04/08/2009 41. Mr. Alazar Mesfun: was a member of the ruling party and former Governor of Kere whereabouts is unknown and his family is not allowed to visit him. No charges were court. 42. Mr. Kiros Tesfamichael (Awer): was a member of the ruling party and former Dire arrested in early 2002. His whereabouts is unknown and his family is not allowed to v him nor he been taken to a court. 43. Mr. Beesrat Yemane: was a member of the ruling party and former Consular in Fran whereabouts is unknown and his family is not allowed to visit him. No charges were court. 44. Mr. Firon Woldu: was a member of the ruling party and former director at the Minis arrested in early 2002. His whereabouts is unknown and his family is not allowed to v him nor been taken to a court. 45. Mr. Ibrahim Siraj: was a member of the ruling party and former diplomat in Suadi A whereabouts is unknown and his family is not allowed to visit him. No charges were court. 46. Mr. Hamid Mohammed Sa'id: a journalist who was arrested in March 2003 when h detained in Wenjel Marmara prison in Asmara. No charges were filed against him no 47. Mr. Salih El Gaza'eri: is a journalist, was arrested in March 2003 when he was wor Masses). He is detained in Wenjel Marmara prison in Asmara. No charges were filed 48. Mr. Aho Mohammed Aho: was a Secretary of the Parliament of the South Red Sea. whereabouts is unknown and his family is not allowed to visit him. No charges were court. 49. Mr. Ali Mohammed Ibrahim: was arrested in 2002. His whereabouts is unknown an No charges were filed against him nor been taken to a court. 50. Mr. Ibrahim Sa'id: was a former officer at the Commission of Humanitarian Aid an 2003. His whereabouts is unknown and his family is not allowed to visit him. No cha taken to a court. 51. Mr. Akhlilu Mogos: was a member of the ruling party who was arrested in early 200 family is not allowed to visit him. No charges were filed against him nor been taken to a court. 52. Mr. Berhe Tesfamariam: is an engineer and was a member of the ruling party who whereabouts is unknown and his family is not allowed to visit him. No charges were court. 53. Mr. Ermias Debessai: was a member of the ruling party, a former Ambassador in Ch court and condemned of corruption. He served his prison sentence but re-arrested in N unknown and his family is not allowed to visit him. No charges were filed against him 54. Mr. Ghermai Yohannes: was a sportsman who was arrested in November 2003. His is not allowed to visit him. No charges were filed against him nor been taken to a cou 55. Colonel Yemane Fesseha: (Wad Rago) was a police officer who was arrested in Nov unknown and his family is not allowed to visit him. No charges were filed against him 56. Mr. Mohammed Osman: the former Scertary of Gash- Barka Regional Parliament w whereabouts is unknown and his family is not allowed to visit him. No charges were court. 57. Mr. Solomon Habtom: was a member of the ruling party and former head of one of THE STATE OF HUMAN RIGHTS - Report by Suwera Centre for Human Rights Page 25 of 46 mhtml:file://D:\newham\Assenna.mht!http://asena.samai.co.uk/index.php?option=co... 04/08/2009 Communication and Transportation. He was arrested in June 2003. His whereabouts to visit him. No charges were filed against him nor been taken to a court. 58. General Habtetsion Hadgu: is the former commander of Air Force. He was arrested been arrested for some months. His whereabouts is unknown and his family is not all against him nor been taken to a court. 59. Ms. Asnayit Debessai: is a guitarist and was a member of the ruling party and mothe Wenjel Marmara in Asmara because she requested divorce through court from her inf to Kenya). A police officer visits Asnayit every three months asking her whether she she insists on divorce she is returned to prison every time. Asnayit who claims to bein she prefers prison to keeping her marriage bond. 60. Mr. Ibrahim Ismail Omer: a schoolteacher graduated from Suadi Arabia, arrested in No charges have been filed against him. 61. Haj Idriss: was a mosque Imam at Adardi Mosque. He was affiliated to Ansar El Su political activism. He has been detained since November 2003 at Wingil Marmara pr 62. Ms. Astier yohannes: was an MA student in the US and wife of the former minister September 2001. She returned upon guarantees by the authorities that she will not be airport and was not allowed even to see her children and mother who were waiting at allow any type of visits to Ms. Johannes including herfamily. She is kept in solitary d 63. Mr. Taha Abdelgadir: is a member of Ansar El Sunna Islamic group and was active He is at his twenties. He was arrested in 2004 and detained at Wenjel Marmara but ha 64. Ms. Hayat Ibrahim Nour Hussien: was affiliated to Asnar El Sunna. She has been a in Wenjel Marmara but has not been brought to court. 65. Mr. Mohammed Salih Adam: a member of Ansar El Sunna Islamic group, arrested he has been informed by the prison director that he had been sentenced to four years i prison. 66. Mr Ahmed Siraj: a member of Ansar El Sunna Islamic group, arrested in Asmara in informed by the prison director that he had been sentenced to four years imprisonmen 67. Mr. Mohammed Burhan: a member of Ansar El Sunna Islamic group, arrested in A has been informed by the prison director that he had been sentenced to four years imp prison. 68. Mr. Abdelrahman Mohammed Nour: a member of Ansar El Sunna Islamic group, said that he has been informed by the prison director that he had been sentenced to fo at Simble prison. 69. Muhmaad Omer Ismail: Graduated in Cairo University. He was arrested in 2004. 70. Fr. Haili Niazgi: the head of the Full Gospel Church, arrested on 23rd May 2004. 71. Dr. Kafli GabremasgAl: head of the Eritrean Protestant Alliance. Arrested on 23rd M 72. Fr. Tesfasion Hagous: of the Protestant Rima Church. Arrested on 27th May 2004. 73. Fr. Kedani Waldai: arrested in 2004. 74. Fr. Abraham Blai: arrested in 2004. 75. Mr. Adam Ali Ismail: arrested in May 2004 and has been moved from Tesnai prison 76. Fr. Gabr Medhanie Ghbregargis: a priest in Orthodox Church, the biggest church i November 2004. 77. Dr. Tekhliab Mengestab: a priest in the Orthodox Church. He was arrested in late N 78. Dr. Fazom Gabringous: a priest in the Orthodox Church. He was arrested in late No 79. Fr. Kidani Ghbremosgal: is a priest at the Full Gospel Church. He is at his fifties. H THE STATE OF HUMAN RIGHTS - Report by Suwera Centre for Human Rights Page 26 of 46 mhtml:file://D:\newham\Assenna.mht!http://asena.samai.co.uk/index.php?option=co... 04/08/2009 been deported from a policestation in Asmara to Semble Prison. 80. Fr. Fanuel Mehretab: is a priest at the Full Gospel Church too. He is at his fifties. H been deported from a policestation in Asmara to Simble Prison. 81. Mr. Towlde Ghbremedhin: was a trade unionist who was arrested on 30th March 20 family is not allowed to visit him. No charges were filed against him nor been taken t 82. Mr. Menési Andzion: was a trade unionist who was arrested on 30th March 2005. H is not allowed to visit him. No charges were filed against him nor been taken to a cou 83. Mr. Hebtom Wadmichael: was a trade unionist too who was arrested on 11th April his family is not allowed to visit him. No charges were filed against him nor been tak 84. Mr. Tekhli Tesfai: is 73 years old and affiliated to Jehovah Witnesses. He has a dual arrested on 27th may 2005 and informed by the director of Wengl Marmar prison that imprisonment. 85. Salih Ali Abo Ali: used to work in trading between Sudan and Eritrea, arrested in Jun whereabouts is unknown. 86. Mr. Fotoy Gazai: works for the USA Embassy in Asmara as a web editor. Was arre Information accused him of trafficking. 87. Mr. Benyam Germai: the deputy manager of the buildings at the USA Embassy in A He has been accused of trafficking, which mostly means helping others to leave the c 88. Mr. Idirs Mohammed Ali: one of the most prominent singers in the country, arreste 89. Mr. Salah Grenit: was an employee of the Eritrean Airlines in Asmara, arrested in l 90. Mr. Geime Saíd Kemel: was a reporter and sport journalist at Eritrea El Haditha new 91. Mr. Mohammed Geime Arri: was a police officer, arrested in November 2005. 92. Mr. Adam Salih: a journalist arrested in November 2005 in Asmara. 93. Mr. Abubaker Bareg Ramadan: Was an employee at the Administration of Keren t 94. Mr. Abdlallah Ramadan: a businessman, arrested in late November 2005. 95. Mr. Omer Kikia: was an employee at the Ministry of Education in Keren, arrested i 96. Mr. Mohammed Nour Ahmed: arrested in late November 2005. 97. Mr. Mohammed Abdelhalim Hamouda: a writer and a businessman, arrested in Ba 98. Mr. Mohammed Adam Shalshal: was a police man arrested in November 2005. 99. Mr. Ahmed Musa Geime: was an army officer, arrested in November 2005. 100. Mr. Nasr El Din El Silaihabi: a Sudanese national, arrested in November 2005. He 101. Mr. Khalil Mohammed Khalil: a Sudanese national, arrested in December 2005. He 102. Mr. Ahmed Bokari: was a government employee arrested in Dankalia in December prison. 103. Mr. Ibrahim Lee: trader works at the Yemen-Eritrea borders, arrested in December 104. Mr. Nouri Ahmed: arrested in South Dankalia in early 2006. 105. Mr. Wad Garray: arrested in Tesnei in April 2006. 106. Mr. Tesmgen Barhi: arrested in Tesnei in April 2006. 107. . Ms El Ganish Fesha: mother of the officer Alexander Aragi, arrested in 2006 108. Mr. Malaki Mabrahtu: arrested in Tesnei in April 2006. 109. Mr. Abdlallah El Faki: a tailor arrested in Barento in May 2006. 110. Mr. Mohammed Ibrahim Ahmed:was a commissioner of Af Hambul, then moved t Barento in May 2006. 111. Mr. Idirs Musa Kalam (Wad Barento): an owner of a tourism office. Arrested in A 112. Mr. Hamid Mahmoud Dalli: a mechanic, arrested in Barento in May 2006. THE STATE OF HUMAN RIGHTS - Report by Suwera Centre for Human Rights Page 27 of 46 mhtml:file://D:\newham\Assenna.mht!http://asena.samai.co.uk/index.php?option=co... 04/08/2009 113. Mr. Omer Malik Baro: was a judge, arrested in Barento in May 2006. 114. Mr. Musa Osman Kheyar: arrested in Barento in May 2006. 115. Mohammed Ismail Anga: a journalist in Eritrea El haditha newspaper and painter, a 116. Mr. Salah Idris (Sinyous): a former editor-in-chief of El Nabd, the newspaper of the May 2006. 117. Mr. Hussien Musa Halab: arrested in Tesnei on 5th August 2006. 118. Omer Humad: arrested in Agordat in Dcember 2006. 119. Mr. Totai Mohammed Salih Ali: arrested in Ablet district in September 2006. 120. Mr. Hebti Tekhle Sambet: arrested in Haikuta in September 2006. 121. Mr. Omer Ali: arrested in Kellit I September 2006. 122. Mr. Abdllah Salih Nassir: arrested in Tesney in September 2006. 123. Mr. Ibrahim Abdelgader Jailani: was an officer in the Endowment Department, arr 124. Mr. Salih Osman Ali (El Rashid): from Id Ibrahim village in western Eritrea. Gradu Worked as an instructor at the Military Academy in Asmara and trainer in Sawa camp 2006. 125. Mr. Sharif Ali Idirs: arrested immediately after independace and released. Worked i Arrested in November 2006. 126. Mohammed Ali Osman Yousif (Abu Samira): worked as a commissioner for Germ late November 2006. 127. Mr. Ibrahim Mohammed Omer: worked for ruling party then for the Conderation o Arrested in late November 2006. 128. Mr. Mahmoud Haj Omer: arrested in Agordat in December 2006. 129. Mr. Yaseen Hamid: arrested in Hagat town in December 2006. 130. Mr.Omer Abu Alsadig: a former soldier, arrested in December 2006. 131. Dr. Omer El Din Ibrahim: a dentist graduated from Damscus University, arrested in 132. Mr. Ezra Agba Selassie: a merchan

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    Original SHA-256
    d736990558db33d8b85ed1de3c826b57f501caa12754a5a2f0ea754c6e078150
    Model source SHA-256
    64685cc99738a26eef8f4a0200d28c94e7b4cc9c6106a1b64e51da78c01564c6
    Passage SHA-256
    ed901009f12b4be385a4d7d069b6772e7dec95cf6d11e109dce87b4a3810fa20
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
  9. Osman Saleh Sabbe

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    The fifth of eight siblings, Sabbe was born in Hirgigo in 1932. From a young age, his restlessness, fluency, and mental agility were visible and that attracted the attention of his father’s maternal uncle Kadi [Judge] Hassan Osman with who Sabbe was very attached. The Kadi brought young Sabbe to the attention of the great philanthropist and educator Saleh Pasha Ahmed Kekia who became his mentor. From early on, Sabbe was exposed to the life of coastal Samhar and Dankalia where hi uncle Ismail’s boats traveled the coastal waters of Samhar and Dankalia and he visited most of the coastal towns of those regions including Zula, Irafale, and Bailul. He was also familiarized with the nomadic life of his uncles who took him along on their migratory trips between Hazamo and Gadam. In addition, his uncles as well as his elder brother Mohammed Ahmed and cousins familiarized him with their seafaring experiences.

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    b2848185e8a0079a63bc1556a33542747a80a729bb79a93b62a5a7fbdc86b195
    Model source SHA-256
    180dceef1dad046254ff82328644bbe6a33d2f1ca830a9e3700f47fbacb7be2b
    Passage SHA-256
    efd156ea05809884558e8dc53f39da6d3777ab565799d170ad1abd6307a8616c
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
  10. Proliferation Of Armed Resistance In Eritrea

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    One of the byproducts of the collapse of the ELF, which had largely managed to subdue Islamist tendencies, these two Islamist groups owe their origins to the late 1980s when the EPLF, following the collapse of the ELF, took control of the Western lowlands regions. Alkhalas was originally called the Eritrean Islamic Jihad Movement but changed its name to Alkhalas in 1998. Over the years, like most of Eritrea's organizations, the group now has other splinter groups including Eritrean Islamic Congress led by Hassen Salman (aka Abu-Bara’e) and other smaller groups. Alkhalas is led by Amir Mohammed Aamr and AlIslah is led by Mohammed Ahmed Saleh (aka Abu Suhail.)

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    ccde66765e7ede8638003ffe6339688c9798f29698296e1af44e957919a8970f
    Model source SHA-256
    e6e7c1eb09005d4771b313a06d4f3fb8ffeaadad5f4d6f557dda81762ba58e8e
    Passage SHA-256
    b4af73f54c8486b0a714233516dbd0d43b5b6671fe2b666b49b9472642980b9c
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
  11. Kidane Kiflu and the Jack Kramer Papers: Addendum

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    Q: A person named Fathy Mohammed Ahmed Saleh wrote you a letter. Do you remember who

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    Original SHA-256
    1b506d25b103b66bbeb1abecab02adc2845e52021be746dbae40ed7c9ee11c91
    Model source SHA-256
    f74b41c204edbd6e890ba1eaf145deb0363fecc7052f842b60d846e1acbdb61f
    Passage SHA-256
    c801ea11f68f909149bc4acb972d139157615bdff84907042ac7de8bb3045f4f
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
  12. Leadership rivalry among leaders of the oppostion groups from 1981 to 2010

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    Read full source paragraph (1,645 characters)

    Killon (194) The finall disintegration of the old ELF, followed by the death of Osman Saleh Sabe in 1987, and the rise of a strong movement towards Islamism among Abdella faction, the newly formed Islamic Jihad and another ELF-UO faction led by Omer Burj.According Awate. com Eritrean Islamic Islah Movement (Islah) & Eritrean Islamic Party for Justice & Development (Alkhalas): One of the by products of the collapse of the ELF, which had largely managed to subdue Islamist tendencies, these two Islamist groups owe their origins to the late 1980s when the EPLF, following the collapse of the ELF, took control of the Western lowlands regions. Alkhalas was originally called the Eritrean Islamic Jihad Movement but changed its name to Alkhalas in 1998. Over the years, like most of Eritrea's organizations, the group now has other splinter groups including Eritrean Islamic Congress led by Hassen Salman (aka Abu-Bara’e) and other smaller groups. Alkhalas is led by Amir Mohammed Aamr and AlIslah is led by Mohammed Ahmed Saleh (aka Abu Suhail.) Websites: Islah – islaher.org ; AlKhalas: alkhalas.org. The two organizations were at their peak in the late 1980s and 1990s when the environment, particularly the prevailing environment between Eritrea and Sudan, provided them with safe sanctuary and moral/financial assistance. Despite aggressive campaigns by the Eritrean regime to list these two organizations as "terrorists", they are classified as a pressure groups because they have no cross-national aims and they do not target civilians. [Source Proliferation Of Armed Resistance In Eritrea-http://www.awate.com/portal/content/view/4660/9/

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    5e2c1bd690f2bb4dae7752821b2a264ee7db1c2e8db6bbb4861360985291b6d8
    Model source SHA-256
    e9f2a862ead57e4403f43ba9a26921a00225b8b0b7cb88e9654a40a8e7ec5cac
    Passage SHA-256
    50a3014cb219825a15f1795d97a971d8a1bf2e5db6fc2746f93e6d06b9366a2b
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
  13. Archived reference: “2006-Herui left the EDA in 2006.”

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    Islah held its 4th congress in Sudan, between August 9 and August 12th, 2006. Islah elected a 65-member Shura, a consultative body, and re-elected Mr. Mohammed Ahmed Saleh (better known as Abu-Suheil) as its Secretary General. At the congress, Islah announced that the Islamic Wefaq Party, an organization chaired by Mr. Adem Mujaurai, has joined Islah. The Wefaq Party was briefly part of a short-lived coalition of 7-parties allied with Mr. Herui T Bairou�s Co-operative Party.

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    Original SHA-256
    2647834b77cb2d8edc5c8b33b27fcf2c6e5f3848ab7807f87cee013095cfaf8c
    Model source SHA-256
    7260c8eddf5e7270f699f45b7c2f71908aeefcbbccfcf2264baf6aa8ebc7a337
    Passage SHA-256
    47266d98a9ebad9ce6efb89b4f6d2eb7a51c56c63dde571a72235d28ae2d0bbc
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
  14. HUMAN RIGHTS APPEAL

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    1. Ali Issa, vice mayor of the seaport of Assab. 2. Ahaw Ali, President of the Local Assembly. 3. Ali Nur Mohammed, vice president of the Local Assembly.4. Ali Yousuf Ali, member of the Local Assembly 5.Mohammed Abdalla Adem, among the leading elders of the Al'aito clan 6. Halim Burhan, among the leading elders of the Al'aito clan. 7. Issa Ahmed, among leading members of the Hissamale clan. 8. Issa Ibrahim, among leading members of the Al'aito clan. 9. Ahmed Yousuf, among the leading members of the Hissamale clan. 10. Sheikh Mohammed Ahmed, religious leader, 11. Musa Ali Yousuf, 12. Omer Ahmed Ali, 13. Issa Ateile. 14. Abdalla Ali. 15. Musa Humed Halim. 16. Habib Mohammed Abubeker. 17. Mohammed Ahmed Ali. 18. Burhan Ahmed Ali. 19.Mohammed Ali Mohammed, 20. Omer Mohammed Halim, 21. Ali Huluw.

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    Original SHA-256
    710fa5faaf9483e80958e96bed155f38fab3b7f347a7d17a409a620f62b0b8d8
    Model source SHA-256
    9e386e6a03dcb0feed17235a36d43669734fd66f3684d84f58a0d5916d8ea369
    Passage SHA-256
    0b4a8e964baa25be58fae8ca6d07f0e3ab205f9465eb1e8da97ec3ac4fc18c41
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
  15. he “Executed”: No Smoking Gun, but plenty of circumstantial evidence

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    In 1993 the IJM split into two once again: one faction was led by the hardliners under Mohammed Ahmed (Abu Suhail), who reportedly fought in Afghanistan against the Soviets and the other faction was led by Arefa Ahmed, an ex-teacher in a PLF founded school in the refugee camps. The Arefa faction was accused of becoming lenient and starting a secret dialogue with the EPLF under the auspices of Dr. Turabi and his party, the NIF. In April 1996, Ibrahim Malek announced the formation of a third faction called, Al Mejlis AlIslamy Leddaewa WeIslah Fi Ertrya (The Islamic Council of Endowment and Reformation in Eritrea). The new faction issued its first communiqué and accused Abu Suhail’s faction of extremism including tribalism, unfair imprisonment and torture of people, and corruption.

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    Original SHA-256
    c87daf9eaadfc0c21dd795480820b4384784b8b823d97f8c622e266405b42fac
    Model source SHA-256
    f054ca0e7b4845024297c6cf21a0b9bc0d84235c4c413f4d76fd4a615be5de84
    Passage SHA-256
    885d43aeec86847f746d5308535f8ab479842613344e0867f8ceb1264282dc66
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
  16. Sudanese Destinies of Haile Sellasie

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    Again, the Emperor found an exit from this and a consolation in Sudan. The Emperor came in a state visit to Sudan, upon the invite of General Abboud. His program included a visit to the town of Al-Ubaid. General Abboud accompanied his guest on the visit to that town, and a colorful festival was set for his honor. Camel-racing was featured in that festival. There, among the detail assigned to his security was a police officer who drew the attention of the Emperor: Lieutenant Karim-u-ddin Mohammed Ahmed of Um-Durman, who held an uncanny resemblance to Ras Mokennen--as if he was his twin.

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    Original SHA-256
    c5cb4f3ec850b91b571434bee0721e88863b2b8e1c28c636cb5584d127689ecc
    Model source SHA-256
    6ee7a80103b7340dff2e145b2f7d08848a572ad29521aff5bd265e303fd59851
    Passage SHA-256
    8579722d000fda6787161a79fd5ddf6870b7754d214bbdd6d589a442f48c5bdb
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
    Another source passage (Mentioned in source)

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    Ethiopia followed the developments in Sudan closely and decided to dispatch to Sudan one of its best intelligence officers as a military attaché. Colonel Tarreke, in short order, was not only in a position to enter the houses of many politicians and others, but he was well entering the residence of the Prime minister, Mohammed Ahmed Mahjoub14,--with no prior permission needed. He didn’t waste much time: he recruited prostitutes to his network and opened prostitution houses and established a club intended, via its liberally low-priced food and drinks, to attract the “Effendis” who take public affairs as their practice for livelihood. Some of these were active supporters of the Eritrean Revolution, while others belonged to the different tribes of the Arab political left and the different Arab Socialist schools. Tarreke was always present in all the places. On a Thursday night, at the heart of the club, euphoria took itself up to the head of one of the “Arab left” activists and led him to loudly shout, in English, “Down with the Dictator Haile sellasie"--while pointing to a portrait of the Emperor on the wall. Turning right, his wide smile of victory faded off his face as he saw Tarreke smiling at him and asking: “Do you really believe that ?” The invisible man, as he was known among his friends, replied : “I was only saying it!” Then he and his friends left.

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    Original SHA-256
    c5cb4f3ec850b91b571434bee0721e88863b2b8e1c28c636cb5584d127689ecc
    Model source SHA-256
    6ee7a80103b7340dff2e145b2f7d08848a572ad29521aff5bd265e303fd59851
    Passage SHA-256
    3eb7c0f83bac8353b37d2394aee1e7858b5e8c0e632c14ca9e31080e3c783738
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
  17. Crimes Committed in Zemene Isaias 2003

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    DIED. 04/03. Mohammed Ahmed Abdu, one of the founders of the Eritrean Liberation Front (ELF) and a member of its General Command, died in exile in the Sudan. He had never returned to Eritrea, because he was unwilling to accept the pre-condition for return: to disavow organized political activity.

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    Original SHA-256
    ce21e91b31f3c12173a8dbe6681d19ef70a121dff4cfb16def8fc569ade81145
    Model source SHA-256
    212f71fb29012fab6407ba88cd37226ce8fe5b700da54ed83c6917445f7aa382
    Passage SHA-256
    ebb51fc054ad24b2f63f5aba4172cba42447418d44a66fa5eeefc793f67cb8eb
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
  18. EDA’s Tragic Split

    Authored by · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    By Mohammed Ahmed - Mar 02, 2007

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    Evidence and source version
    Original SHA-256
    26b89ac8b586aba5e820823830afc4aa3c02b3d6d4400aa9a05b9442deb35b15
    Model source SHA-256
    57ceb71d1f9a352cbd79a7c533fe81bc579a09c6549ed28fcc8fb76267770db0
    Passage SHA-256
    17fdc4bf53d282e2c1f901c1a23faf5236ac0670a4363b5f000a251e78edfa94
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Author
  19. Formation of Eritrean Solidarity Front Announced

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    In a press conference called by the ESF on Saturday evening, where the media cadres and representatives of opposition political organizations as well as the independent media centers were present, the election of Sheikh Abu Suhail, Mohammed Ahmed Saleh, the Secretary-General of the Islah movement, as Chairman of the first session was announced.

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    Original SHA-256
    8936c44931295c06707e897495c5c1fdc176527981f45f3188d976a8d60c943a
    Model source SHA-256
    5070a48ef748d94ea9419b528aafecc00e2517706b84293cba9da9cb81621976
    Passage SHA-256
    4d6d57f27de6deebefd7445282985e0159d81a08510ede9b6dfa3557dea8610b
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
  20. hifting Terrain: Dissidence versus Terrorism in Eritrea, by Ruth Iyob

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    Read full source paragraph (2,134 characters)

    In 1983 the Jebhat Tahrir al Eritrea al Islamiya Wataniya (Eritrean National IslamicLiberation Front) was established in Sudan. In 1988 the two organizations merged withthree smaller groups—Lejnet al Difae al Islami (Islamic Defense Committee), Harekat al Mustedafeen al Eritrea (Movement of Oppressed Eritreans), and al Intifada Islamiya (Islamic Uprising)—to form the EIJM. The EIJM, although an enduring socio-political entity, is far from a stable and monolithic organization. It has been rife with factionalism since its establishment. In 1988, following the merger of the five groups, a radical faction emerged seeking to displace the moderate founding leaders. In 1993, an even more militant faction, led by Mohammed Ahmed (Abu Suhail), with alleged ties to Afghan mujahedin, broke away. The remaining constituency, led by Arefa Ahmed, retained its focus on local and national concerns. In 1996, a third splinter, al Majlis al Islamiya Leddewa wa Islah fi Eritrea (Islamic Council for Reformation), led by Ibrahim Malek, emerged in opposition to the extremism of the Abu Suhail faction and sought dialogue with the larger political community. In 2004, EIJM remains an ideologically and socially heterogeneous organization whose members include radical and moderate Muslims, alienated exiles, and secular citizens disillusioned by the justice meted out by the PFDJ. The EIJM’s continuity as an organization is fed by the PFDJ regime’s unwillingness to contemplate real versus virtual political participation of Eritrea’s multicultural citizens. Response by the Government. A culture of impunity has increasingly become visible since 2001, triggering a split within the ruling PFDJ and inaugurating a reformist movement locally known as the G-15. The reformists demanded that the PFDJ cease making arbitrary arrests of hundreds of political prisoners—including those suspected of being “jihad sympathizers.” This open acknowledgment of the many arbitrary arrests and “disappearance” of Muslim citizens, which until then had only been raised by the EIJM and ENA, provided a new basis for the realignment of all PFDJ opponents.

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    Original SHA-256
    5ef50ed9b32525355aa9a36df43b35707eb7290ef296c425d913a35548939209
    Model source SHA-256
    6639c86018cb292da9b6c7339a253a8e81ae59488f9f84d2468e47366b90dd91
    Passage SHA-256
    d82412e217ddc270d84ea1c9127dd7af1e1263384484c43ef9c2e8a725443477
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
  21. Leadership rivalry among leaders of the oppostion groups from 1981 to 2010

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    Read full source paragraph (1,645 characters)

    Killon (194) The finall disintegration of the old ELF, followed by the death of Osman Saleh Sabe in 1987, and the rise of a strong movement towards Islamism among Abdella faction, the newly formed Islamic Jihad and another ELF-UO faction led by Omer Burj.According Awate. com Eritrean Islamic Islah Movement (Islah) & Eritrean Islamic Party for Justice & Development (Alkhalas): One of the by products of the collapse of the ELF, which had largely managed to subdue Islamist tendencies, these two Islamist groups owe their origins to the late 1980s when the EPLF, following the collapse of the ELF, took control of the Western lowlands regions. Alkhalas was originally called the Eritrean Islamic Jihad Movement but changed its name to Alkhalas in 1998. Over the years, like most of Eritrea's organizations, the group now has other splinter groups including Eritrean Islamic Congress led by Hassen Salman (aka Abu-Bara’e) and other smaller groups. Alkhalas is led by Amir Mohammed Aamr and AlIslah is led by Mohammed Ahmed Saleh (aka Abu Suhail.) Websites: Islah – islaher.org ; AlKhalas: alkhalas.org. The two organizations were at their peak in the late 1980s and 1990s when the environment, particularly the prevailing environment between Eritrea and Sudan, provided them with safe sanctuary and moral/financial assistance. Despite aggressive campaigns by the Eritrean regime to list these two organizations as "terrorists", they are classified as a pressure groups because they have no cross-national aims and they do not target civilians. [Source Proliferation Of Armed Resistance In Eritrea-http://www.awate.com/portal/content/view/4660/9/

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    Original SHA-256
    9a1ab6cde7bc6317a9ae58c37a176aa63320c6f0c3527c988d65df1eb6aa3c69
    Model source SHA-256
    0e173119c5f50647bf10ddc0057f928d57f5f2699bf1a10bb07fea77d8637221
    Passage SHA-256
    50a3014cb219825a15f1795d97a971d8a1bf2e5db6fc2746f93e6d06b9366a2b
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
    Another source passage (Mentioned in source)

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    In 1993 the IJM split into two once again: one faction was led by the hardliners under Mohammed Ahmed (Abu Suhail) who reportedly fought in Afghanistan against the Soviets and the other faction was led by Arefa Ahmed, an ex-teacher in a PLF founded school in the refugee camps. The Arefa faction was accused of becoming lenient and starting a secret dialogue with the EPLF under the auspices of Dr. Turabi and his party, the NIF.

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    Original SHA-256
    9a1ab6cde7bc6317a9ae58c37a176aa63320c6f0c3527c988d65df1eb6aa3c69
    Model source SHA-256
    0e173119c5f50647bf10ddc0057f928d57f5f2699bf1a10bb07fea77d8637221
    Passage SHA-256
    a7be05eb70eb6c3cfcb2f995783f131cc2466249b0ed2b1c86506257669eea2b
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
    Another source passage (Mentioned in source)

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    Four Eritrean opposition organizations: the Eritrean liberation Front led by Hussien Khalifa , Eritrean Islamic Rectification Movement led by Adem Ismeal, Eritrean Islamic Party for Justice and Development led by Khalil Amer and Eritrean Federal Democratic Movement led by Bashir formed an entity called The Eritrean Solidarity Front (ESF) in 2009.In a press conference called by the ESF on Saturday evening, where the media cadres and representatives of opposition political organizations as well as the independent media centers were present, the election of SheikhAbu Suhail Mohammed Ahmed Saleh , the Secretary-General of the Islah movement, as Chairman of the first session was announced.

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    Original SHA-256
    9a1ab6cde7bc6317a9ae58c37a176aa63320c6f0c3527c988d65df1eb6aa3c69
    Model source SHA-256
    0e173119c5f50647bf10ddc0057f928d57f5f2699bf1a10bb07fea77d8637221
    Passage SHA-256
    ceb640c5f77e83ac1d86b10df52cef98f992807e6eb02e1d867b40d1a72f337f
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
  22. Archived reference: “Issayas and all the opposition group leaders”

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    Islah held its 4th congress in Sudan, between August 9 and August 12th, 2006. Islah elected a 65-member Shura, a consultative body, and re-elected Mr. Mohammed Ahmed Saleh (better known as Abu-Suheil) as its Secretary General. At the congress, Islah announced that the Islamic Wefaq Party, an organization chaired by Mr. Adem Mujaurai, has joined Islah. The Wefaq Party was briefly part of a short-lived coalition of 7-parties allied with Mr. Herui T Bairou�s Co-operative Party.

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    Original SHA-256
    ff2f2fe33fae7645f30d6e7abb8ed16eed69eedb7daecf7b042f8e7631eef5c5
    Model source SHA-256
    f1dadbbeaf8fd1fda41fd0b66b7ef2a9f5c9e97e35eadde091d0a84868d3a0ee
    Passage SHA-256
    47266d98a9ebad9ce6efb89b4f6d2eb7a51c56c63dde571a72235d28ae2d0bbc
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
  23. From the Mysteries of

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    While reading the Tigrinia version of this quotation in Ogbamichael Tesfatsion’s article of 21 April 2004, I remembered Mohammed Ahmed Abdu. Also at the same time, I could not resist imagining of Isayas and group at Mai-Chewa talking to members of ‘Siriyet Addis’ with the aim of promoting a wrong line - that of “ethnic purity”. The note below may shed some light on why this so called ‘Siriyet Addis’ was wanted to stay as a separate group.

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    Evidence and source version
    Original SHA-256
    5af7313beffdf04f628c6fb5726484a4de5ec837abf26b59f8d7c7de45019104
    Model source SHA-256
    a7dde081afe795d92bfb6181c00ee5b3fe6580e599aa4138e03713890d23da2c
    Passage SHA-256
    3d505ba3af8e98468bce09f5ac13974053362a629eb850f60e7a35ffb554de30
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
    Another source passage (Mentioned in source)

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    Mohammed Ahmed Abdu was prominent leader in the liberation struggle who died in Khartoum only a year ago on 14 April 2003. Between 1965 and 1969, the ELA was organized into divisions (kiflitat/manatiQ) that were created with the aim of mobilizing the population to join the liberation army through appeals to primordial affinities and regional ties. However, the regional commands were in principle expected to obtain at least one third of their fighters from outside their respective regions. (By the way, This phenomenon of regional commands or divisions (kiflitat/manatiQ), which was known for its less positive legacies in the armed struggle is, ironically, being revisited nowadays by certain elements and sections in the Eritrean opposition.)

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    Original SHA-256
    5af7313beffdf04f628c6fb5726484a4de5ec837abf26b59f8d7c7de45019104
    Model source SHA-256
    a7dde081afe795d92bfb6181c00ee5b3fe6580e599aa4138e03713890d23da2c
    Passage SHA-256
    b14e4a70aedb7247255fed7cb0c32649f3556eec73d0d19cbb671e5be6e3131f
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
    Another source passage (Mentioned in source)

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    Martyr Mohammed Ahmed Abdu headed the Tripartite Union (wuHda Sulasiya) that was formed before Adobaha. That short-lived partial union consisted of the 3rd, 4th and 5th military commands (manatiQ/kiflitat) of the ELA. Martyr M. A. Abdu was later elected as the Secretary General of the 38-member General Command (Kiyada-al-Ama) that emerged from the military conference of Adobaha of August 1969.

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    Original SHA-256
    5af7313beffdf04f628c6fb5726484a4de5ec837abf26b59f8d7c7de45019104
    Model source SHA-256
    a7dde081afe795d92bfb6181c00ee5b3fe6580e599aa4138e03713890d23da2c
    Passage SHA-256
    c1704e7097d47e27a33dbb6983b05969f8b0761475b155df2d7bb803474cdced
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
    Another source passage (Mentioned in source)

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    While the one-year war (1980-81) between the ELF and the EPLF/TPLF alliance was raging in Eritrea, I had a chat with Mohammed Ahmed Abdu in Beirut with the intention of writing in The Eritrean Newsletter an article about the adventurous past politics of Isayas Afeworki. The article was published although it omitted one important point on the request of the interviewee. It will say it now, though with regrets because the heroic fighter-leader, who is my source, is no more around to confirm it. The point was this:

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    Original SHA-256
    5af7313beffdf04f628c6fb5726484a4de5ec837abf26b59f8d7c7de45019104
    Model source SHA-256
    a7dde081afe795d92bfb6181c00ee5b3fe6580e599aa4138e03713890d23da2c
    Passage SHA-256
    ba33c023fdb8fb3a7d7dff970bbd843304395845f7524aa17638b522c9164eaf
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
    Another source passage (Mentioned in source)

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    Only a few weeks before the convening of the military conference at Adobha, Isayas Afeworki approached and seriously asked Mohammed Ahmed Abdu to agree with him and allow him to establish and lead a military division composed purely of Christians from the Eritrean highlands. Isayas opined that the 5th division to which he belonged would be more effective if it is let to be “a pure Christian and Kebessan force”. Mohammed Ahmed Abdu did not agree, and literally begged Isayas not to pursue that idea. Mohammed Ahmed Abdu reminded Isayas that even the ill-conceived division of ELA into regional commands required at least one third of fighters to be from outside each regional command.

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    Original SHA-256
    5af7313beffdf04f628c6fb5726484a4de5ec837abf26b59f8d7c7de45019104
    Model source SHA-256
    a7dde081afe795d92bfb6181c00ee5b3fe6580e599aa4138e03713890d23da2c
    Passage SHA-256
    9edde0be581561aec40939de803cf09e2e2fa866075e35be4a8eb95f1eb7765c
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
    Another source passage (Mentioned in source)

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    History has attested that Isayas Afeworki, a born loner, was not able to heed to that important advice from his senior commander, Mohammed Ahmed Abdu. Isayas carries on that absolutely negative trait to this day.

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    Original SHA-256
    5af7313beffdf04f628c6fb5726484a4de5ec837abf26b59f8d7c7de45019104
    Model source SHA-256
    a7dde081afe795d92bfb6181c00ee5b3fe6580e599aa4138e03713890d23da2c
    Passage SHA-256
    20abbe1788f5ab8e7bb1a783e1106d0cb125317fca0bf3080d2696b23832b4d6
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
  24. Eritrean Political leaders for decades in leadership

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    Members of the ‘other’ 19-person Executive Committee Elected by 1st ELF Congress: Ibrahim Idris Toteel, secretary of the ‘other’ Ex. Committee Abdulkadir Ramadan Mahmoud Ibrahim Chekini Mahmoud Hasab Ibrahim Abdalla Saed Saleh Idris Ali Adem Moh. Hamid (Gindifil) Omar Haj Idris Suleiman Mussa Haj Humed Moh. Saed Kulu Fitsum Ghebresilassie Mohammed Idris Humedai Azien Yassin Mohammed Nur Ahmed Ibrahim Mahmoud Mohammed Afa Mohammed Hamid Ibrahim Ali Nur Omar Mohammed Ahmed

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    Original SHA-256
    1ffab1127a01f43235a00e18a225d963f3eca80fd4d3fbce275acc43a09eb5b1
    Model source SHA-256
    84429759ab09074fddad02ac01c0b0ab44e21c438d479e13286c35f5c5c42161
    Passage SHA-256
    6fe52fd1faa55adc44594aab11641982f1b4cd43bbc4f1a56d683ef09c22df38
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
    Another source passage (Mentioned in source)

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    1975 ELFThe 41 Revolutionary Council Members Elected at the 2nd ELF Congress: Ahmed Mohammed Nasser, chairman Ibrahim Toteel, deputy chairman and head of political office Abdalla Idris, head of the military office Tesfai Woldemichael (Degiga), secretary of the EC Ibrahim Mohammed Ali, head of social affairs Hamid Adem Suleiman, head of economic office Melake Tekle, head of security Azien Yassin, head of foreign relations (later replaced by Abdalla Suleiman) Tesfamariam Woldemariam, head of information office Mahmoud Hasab, Hussein Khalifa Abdukadir Ramadan Saleh Eyay Mohammed Hamid Osman (Tumsah) Hamid Mohammed Mahmoud Yohannes Zeremariam Abdalla Suleiman Yusuf Suleiman Habte Tesfamariam Mohammed Ismail Abdu Fisehaye Ghebresilassie Tesfai Tekle Ali Mohammed Ishaq Tareke Beraki Ibrahim Idris Mohammed Adem Haileab Andu Khalifa Osman Ibrahim Ghedem Amna Melekin Idris Ramadan Ali Mohammed Ibrahim Abraham Tekle Saed Hussein Beshir Abdulkadir Yusuf Berhanu Mahmoud Beshir Suleiman Mussa Haj Andeab Ghebremeskel Ghirmai Ghebreselassie (Keshi) Mohammed Ahmed Abdu Ghebrai Tewelde

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    Original SHA-256
    1ffab1127a01f43235a00e18a225d963f3eca80fd4d3fbce275acc43a09eb5b1
    Model source SHA-256
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    Passage SHA-256
    6121e1640a08184cebf9691508cfb13285063ca36605c5b15477ae7747daabaa
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
    Another source passage (Mentioned in source)

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    Islah held its 4th congress in Sudan, between August 9 and August 12th, 2006. Islah elected a 65-member Shura, a consultative body, and re-elected Mr. Mohammed Ahmed Saleh (better known as Abu-Suheil) as its Secretary General. At the congress, Islah announced that the Islamic Wefaq Party, an organization chaired by Mr. Adem Mujaurai, has joined Islah. The Wefaq Party was briefly part of a short-lived coalition of 7-parties allied with Mr. Herui T Bairou�s Co-operative Party.

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    1ffab1127a01f43235a00e18a225d963f3eca80fd4d3fbce275acc43a09eb5b1
    Model source SHA-256
    84429759ab09074fddad02ac01c0b0ab44e21c438d479e13286c35f5c5c42161
    Passage SHA-256
    47266d98a9ebad9ce6efb89b4f6d2eb7a51c56c63dde571a72235d28ae2d0bbc
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
  25. Reflections on the Eritrean people struggle for independence

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    In June 68 rank and file delegates from all five zones met at Aredaib to discuss the problem, and in September at the Anseba conference. In this conference the Tripartite unity was formed from the old zones 3, 4 and 5. The Tripartite unity forces maintained logistical links to Sabbe. Leaders of the Tripartite Union elected at the Ansaba Meeting were :19681.;Mohammed Ahmed Abdu, chairman 2 ;Abdalla Idris Mohammed Mohammed Ali Omaro 4.Ramadan Mohammed Nur 5.Abraham Tewolde 6;Isayas Afeworki 7.Mohammed Omar Abdalla (Abu Tiyara) 8.Ahmed Ibrahim 9.; Mohammed Abdalla Taha (al-Safi)10.; Omar Damer 11.; Abdalla Yusuf 12.; Hamid Saleh Read more. However, the leadership of Zone 1 tied to Idris M.Adem was opposed to the new movement, and Zone 2 had been decimated by Omer Ezaz disastrous attack on Halhal in August.

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    Original SHA-256
    c264be551c85d016f5fcecfc33a3635aab8849b6286bf7fc91a30c437b1413c4
    Model source SHA-256
    6ff0bdb97afbf5c45ea98f8929a25f02e6dd2db474a195f8defe7fd1535d39ef
    Passage SHA-256
    68bf3683d039f62ec9a496b27d336927128c2bd178a7b9d306216b5e5397ff2b
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
  26. ‘Harmonized Constitution’: Too Good To Be True

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    1. Ibrahim Idris Toteel, Secretary 2. Abdulkadir Ramadan 3. Mahmoud Ibrahim Chekini 4. Mahmoud Hassab 5. Ibrahim Abdalla 6. Saed Saleh 7. Idris Ali 8. Adem Mohammed Hamid 9. Omar Haj Idris 10. Suleiman Mussa Haj 11. Humed Mohammed Saed Kulu 12. Fitsum Gebreselassie 13. Mohammed Idris Humedai 14. Azien Yassin 15. Mohammed Nur Ahmed 16. Ibrahim Mahmoud Mohammed 17. Afa Mohammed Hamid 18. Ibrahim Ali Nur 19. Omar Mohammed Ahmed The above details shows only 8% of the appointees represented the assumedly 50% (Christian) of the population. This figure alone reaffirms Sabbe’s reservation on Christian participation, a fact that remained true throughout the remaining life of the ELF. The other important fact is that this Congress was held as a follow up to the 1969 Adobha Conference and at a time when progressive fighters had already broken their bondage and established the EPLF factions. The Adobha conference was a mass initiative against the segregationist leadership of the ELF, the sectarian and anti-Christian zonal administration and the indiscriminate killing and torturing of Christian combatants. “At that time, no Christian had any guarantee of safety. We were not even taking any malaria pills for fear we would be poisoned. In battles, we were mainly guarding ourselves against bullets that came from behind”, remembers Hale Woldensae (Dan Connel, ‘Inside the EPLF’, 2001, p.348).

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    Original SHA-256
    03f9f432c58437b6106628e417db9c6e003cfff614df7e5a2609b6ab26ef4bff
    Model source SHA-256
    f166ba985e6346648f47cc838d22dd3fdf02c723ac8f6e7ab82e480b85f56191
    Passage SHA-256
    67e68244c1efcd5086f338fae7d3b2454f3ded779db7d48a02b73a901471ae04
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
  27. The Military Conference of Adobaha, August 1969

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    Members of the General Command (Kiyada Ama) named at Adobaha were: 1. Mohammed Ahmed Abdu, chairman, 2. Ramadan Mohammed Nur, 3. Ahmed Mohammed Ibrahim, 4. Tesfai Tecle, 5. Saed Saleh, 6. Abdulkader Ramadan, 7. Abdalla Idris Mohammed, 8. Isayas Afeworki, 9. Birhan Bilata, 10. Saleh Omar Kekiya, 11. Osman Ajib, 12. Saleh Ibrahim Mohammed (Jimjam), 13. Adem Saleh Al Haj (Shedeli), 14. Saleh Hayoti, 15. Ahmed Adem Omar, 16. Ahmed Ibrahim Mohammed, 17. Ibrahim Abdalla Mohammed, 18. Yassin Al Haj, 19. Amir Tahir Shihabi, 20. Abdulraqib Mussa, 21. Mohammed Osman Izaz, 22. Mohammed Ahmed Idris, 23. Jaffer Jabir Omar, 24. Abdalla Mahmoud, 25. Ibrahim Jamil, 26. Hamid Mahmoud; 27. Ibrahim Mohammed, 28. Ahmed Hayten, 29. Mussa Mohammed Hashim, 30. Hamid Ahmed Osman, 31. Saleh Faraj Ali, 32. Mohammed Saed Shineti, 33. Abraha Mekonnen, 34. Mohammed Osman Omar Shaeban, 35. Abdulkadir Hamdan, 36. Mahmoud Chekini, alias, Mahmoud Ibrahim Mohammed Saed, 38. Saleh Mohammed Fikak, and 38. Afa Mohammed Hamid.

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    Original SHA-256
    25a2b9a03d3e19bc8f69a357a9c0a528ade3ff9026ba2869e43fcf1b065b7c0f
    Model source SHA-256
    7c4324a93b377e8485d30a158fdcacf26f9fc61fa19ce073c460000559b09752
    Passage SHA-256
    38fca23b0c27dbc8165b7dcadf505ab5b82b1d89b52f8526e61b520da7ff7174
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
  28. Letter to President Issayas Afeworki

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    1. Dr. Sahle Tesfay 2. Ahmed Mohamed Nasser 3. Dr. Habte Tesfamariam 4. Abdella Hassan Ali 5. Hassan Eiman Bekhit 6. Dr.Beyane Kidane 7. Eyob Bisrat 8. Samuel Daniel 9. Romadan Saleh 10. Dr. Yusuf Berhanu 11. Abrham paulos 12. Dini Ismael 13. Osman Mohammed 14. Ahmed Shegray 15. Feshatzion Gebre 16. Mohammed Ahmed Jaber 17. Keflezghi Kidane 18. Mohammed Omer Yahya 19. Ogbazghi Debus 20. Nura Hussein 21. Osman Shum 22. Abdel Aziz Ahmed 23. Abraham Eyasu 24. Esmael Ali Ahmed 25. Saeed Abdella 26. Micheal Antonio 27. Mahmoud Mohammed Suleiman 28. Baira Sereqe 29. Abdella Saeed Idris 30. Berhana Goshu 31. Tesfu Berakhi The names of the reserve members are:

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    7ba6761be5bd58c900987b4f195afa3448e97eb65e8c343c6d9ee10694ebe098
    Model source SHA-256
    97db3fcb45a51c0b760041b05e5447b1cd850b61dcfc5192fdd644fdaf14f544
    Passage SHA-256
    6baadcb9e48caf8a4bbd61423750836a972dc870a7da9e6f38e7000af2cf7d1d
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
  29. ELF-RC (Kassel) Elects An Interim Leadership

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    The “mesertat” (grassroots) membership of the Eritrean Liberation Front-Revolutionary Council (ELF-RC), Kessel Wing, has elected a nine-member “Co-ordination & Follow-up Committee” tasked with planning and setting an urgent organizational congress. The committee is made up of (1) Mr. Ogbazghi Debus (Chairman); (2) Mr. Abraham Paulos (Secretary); (3) Ms. Lemlem Tsehaye (Member); (4) Ms. Nuriya Ahmeddin (Member); (5) Mr. Mohammed Ahmed (Member); (6) Mr. Weldenkiel Mebrahtu (Member); (7) Mr. Fissehazion Gebre (Member); (8) Mr. Tesfay Tekhlai “Shgut” (Member) and (9) Mr. Abdulaziz Ahmed (Member.)

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    ae345b202691b5c42920bc94a0506c74d911b8ddca5955ccdbaec62e48c5857b
    Model source SHA-256
    6664a60e811c8f6c61d0d72c699799b2ceeb92a1c714b2d26bcf3051227c3016
    Passage SHA-256
    06ef26fa7085e9cdd2672c47e814f168b35f3fd5215e6e43ebd03e58e744a29d
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
  30. The mysterious death of Mahmoud Ibrahim Muhammad Saeed (Chekini)

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    Members of the ‘other’ 19-person Executive Committee Elected by 1st ELF Congress: 1.Idris Toteel, secretary of the ‘other’ Ex. Committee 2.Abdulkadir Ramadan 3.Mahmoud Ibrahim Chekini 4.Mahmoud Hasab 5.Ibrahim Abdalla 6.Saed Saleh 7.Idris Ali 8.Adem Moh. Hamid (Gindifil) 9.Omar Haj Idris Suleiman Mussa Haj Humed Moh. Saed Kulu 12.Fitsum Ghebresilassie 13.Mohammed Idris Humedai 14.Azien Yassin 15.Mohammed Nur Ahmed 16. Ibrahim Mahmoud Mohammed 17. Afa Mohammed Hamid 18. Ibrahim Ali Nur 19. Omar Mohammed Ahmed

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    Original SHA-256
    75b0bf718bcbf51d0803cb9747370825b5a46d2ea852a7f2b9f4602b0dc8be38
    Model source SHA-256
    6655d404438acafcde5981355a64a54da48c3baae76b6a510206de4e07b377fe
    Passage SHA-256
    2bac464384ce237b379d3dba0bb1c7675fc40d0412400aa8253b4fa120610abe
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
  31. He And His Objectives

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    The ambition of Isaias to have his own organization goes back to 1969 when weeks before the convening of the Adobha conference, he approached the late Mohammed Ahmed Abdu to agree with him “to establish and lead a military division composed purely of Christians from the Eritrean highlands.”[vii] Woldeyesus Ammar laments, “History has attested that Isayas Afeworki, a born loner, was not able to heed to that important advice from his senior commander, Mohammed Ahmed Abdu. Isayas carries on that absolutely negative trait to this day. “ [viii]

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    Original SHA-256
    65cd0cac9be340c761b66a02babfd416a479824500c1f6aa7c1f1c15155fb2dd
    Model source SHA-256
    6a70705bccd4e4f4382357e7604edef61612c27328d0a35b6df774ad12af83f2
    Passage SHA-256
    7f04aa45f5d1c3624a24c3622c71dfd1dc44f06293d7d2a457ffed1516267c2c
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned
    Another source passage (Mentioned in source)

    Mentioned in source · source passage · automatic rule, identity unresolved

    [viii] More on this by Woldeyesus Ammar: “….Isayas opined that the 5th division to which he belonged would be more effective if it is let to be “a pure Christian and Kebessan force”. Mohammed Ahmed Abdu did not agree, and literally begged Isayas not to pursue that idea. Mohammed Ahmed Abdu reminded Isayas that even the ill-conceived division of ELA into regional commands required at least one third of fighters to be from outside each regional command. http://web.archive.org/web/20070505031415/http://www.awate.com/portal/content/view/3076/8/

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    Original SHA-256
    65cd0cac9be340c761b66a02babfd416a479824500c1f6aa7c1f1c15155fb2dd
    Model source SHA-256
    6a70705bccd4e4f4382357e7604edef61612c27328d0a35b6df774ad12af83f2
    Passage SHA-256
    6d258776831ecb1ac201cb72c2ff2b77697f0c5d5e8df188935ee7b31db0ce6d
    Original matched spelling
    Mohammed Ahmed
    Source role
    Mention only; no participation or authorship assigned

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